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Freezing ground is a technique in general use for making excavations, shafts and galleries beneath the water table. It may also be used to "save" a structure after fill being washed out, etc.
It has the advantage of rendering the soil not only watertight, but stronger as well.
There are essentially two freezing techniques: one using brine, the other liquid nitrogen.
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Ground freezing consists in freezing the water contained in the soil pores until turning it into ice. Then the ice acts as a cement or glue, binding together the particles surrounding the soil or the blocks of rock in order to increase their overall strength and make them impervious.
The soil is only temporarily frozen and this allows executing scheduled works under safety conditions. Said method is successfully applied in the construction of wells and tunnels, underground structures and waterproof diaphragm walls.
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Definition:
Temporary stabilization due basement by ice walls.
Characteristics:
under ground water, but absence of large water currents
considerable power costs
Scope of application:
execution of veils or excavations dasn of the difficult circumstances or the other techniques is not applicable or economic,
p.e. the connection of 2 carpark sousterrain to level -5, the connection of 2 drilled tunnels.
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