Geodesic is everything that is inherent to Geodesics (/ge·o·dè·ti·ca/); in mathematics, and more precisely in differential geometry, the geodesic is the shortest curve that connects two points in a space; geodesics are fundamental for example for the study of surfaces.
Geodesic domes are therefore hemispherical tensile structures, composed of a series of beams (their geodesics precisely - which on a sphere represent the arcs of a maximum circle -) that rest on a spherical base.
The geodesics, which compose it by intersecting with each other, form triangles.
The modular structure thus created creates a honeycomb effect that, on a functional level, gives resistance to the geodesic dome, distributing local stresses uniformly over the entire structure.
Drawing a geodesic dome with paper and pencil is not at all simple, just as it is not easy to design and build a geodesic dome; each dome in fact must be designed from scratch, based on size, shape and materials.
Today designing a geodesic dome thanks to computer calculation, with Autocad (or similar programs such as Sketchup or Rhinoceros) and using dwg files, is certainly much simpler than in the past, but these structures do not lose their charm and their value, both structural and functional.