Geodesic is everything related to Geodesics (/ge·o·dè·ti·ca/); in mathematics, and more specifically in differential geometry, a geodesic is the shortest curve connecting two points in space; geodesics are fundamental, for example, to the study of surfaces.
Geodesic domes are therefore hemispherical tensile structures composed of a series of beams (their geodesics—which on a sphere represent the arcs of a great circle) resting on a spherical base.
The geodesics, which compose it by intersecting with each other, form triangles.
The modular structure thus created creates a honeycomb effect that, on a functional level, gives the geodesic dome strength by distributing local stresses evenly across the entire structure.
Drawing a geodesic dome with paper and pencil is no easy feat, nor is designing and building one; Each dome must be designed from scratch, based on size, shape, and materials.
Today, designing a geodesic dome using computer-aided design, such as AutoCAD (or similar programs like Sketchup or Rhinoceros) and DWG files, is certainly much simpler than in the past, but these structures retain their charm and value, both structural and functional.